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Ear Drum RuptureFirst Aid & Emergency · First AidUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Keep Dry & Protect
Preparation & Use
Keep the ear completely dry. Place a loose piece of sterile cotton at the outer opening to catch any drainage. Do NOT put any ear drops or water inside the ear.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Water or drops can cause severe infection in the middle ear.
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: See a doctor for an examination to determine if the rupture will heal on its own or needs repair.
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Electric ShockFirst Aid & Emergency · FA/EUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Cut Power & Do Not Touch
Preparation & Use
Turn off the main power switch. Do not touch the person with your bare hands if they are still touching the electricity. Use a dry wooden stick to push the wire away. Check breathing and start CPR if needed.
Safety & Precautions
EMERGENCY: High risk of cardiac arrest (when the heart suddenly stops beating).
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: All electric shock victims need a hospital ECG and checkup.
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Electric Shock (Minor / Low Voltage)First Aid & Emergency · First Aid
First Aid Approach
Cut Power & Check Burns
Preparation & Use
Ensure the power source is off. Check for entry and exit burns. Wash minor burns with cool water and cover with a sterile dressing. Monitor the person for at least 24 hours.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Even minor shocks can cause delayed heart rhythm problems.
When to Seek Medical Help
If there are visible burns, or if the person experiences chest pain or palpitations later.
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Epiglottitis (Suspected)First Aid & Emergency · FA/EUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Keep Calm & Do Not Examine Throat
Preparation & Use
Keep the person calm and allow them to sit in whatever position makes breathing easiest (often leaning forward). Do NOT try to look down their throat with a flashlight, as this can trigger a complete airway blockage.
Safety & Precautions
EMERGENCY: Epiglottitis can cause the airway to close completely within minutes.
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: Call an ambulance. Do not delay.
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Epistaxis (Nosebleed - Mild)First Aid & Emergency · First Aid
First Aid Approach
Pinch & Lean Forward
Preparation & Use
Sit upright and lean slightly forward (to prevent blood from draining into the throat). Pinch the soft part of the nose firmly for 10 minutes without letting go. Breathe through the mouth.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE first aid.
When to Seek Medical Help
If bleeding does not stop after 20 minutes of continuous pressure.
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Exertional Heat StrokeFirst Aid & Emergency · FA/EUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Aggressive Cooling & Emergency Call
Preparation & Use
Stop all activity immediately. Move to a cool place. Remove excess clothing. Apply ice packs to the neck, armpits, and groin. Spray with cool water and fan vigorously. Call an ambulance.
Safety & Precautions
EMERGENCY: Exertional heat stroke can cause rapid organ failure.
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: This is a life-threatening emergency requiring hospital care.
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Eye Injury (Chemical Splash)First Aid & Emergency · FA/EUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Flush Eye with Water
Preparation & Use
Immediately hold the eyelid open and flush (wash continuously) the eye with clean, lukewarm water for at least 15–20 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present. Do not rub the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye).
Safety & Precautions
EMERGENCY: Time is critical to prevent permanent vision loss.
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: Go to an eye hospital right after flushing.
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Eye Injury (Foreign Object)First Aid & Emergency · First Aid
First Aid Approach
Blink & Flush
Preparation & Use
Blink several times to let tears wash it out. If that fails, gently flush the eye with clean water or saline (a clean saltwater solution). Do not rub the eye or try to pick the object out if it is embedded (stuck deeply inside).
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Rubbing can scratch the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye).
When to Seek Medical Help
If the object does not come out, is embedded, or if pain/vision changes persist.
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