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Wound Care (Minor)First Aid & Emergency · First Aid
First Aid Approach
Clean Disinfect & Cover
Preparation & Use
Rinse the wound gently with clean water. Apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment. Cover with a sterile (germ-free) bandage to keep it clean while it heals. Change the bandage daily.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE home care.
When to Seek Medical Help
If the wound shows signs of infection (increasing redness, warmth, pus, or fever).
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Wound Care (Minor Toddler Scrapes)Wellness, Mother & Child · WMC
Care Approach
Clean, Protect, and Cover
Guidance & Use
Wash the scrape gently with mild soap and water to remove dirt. Apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment (a medicated cream that prevents bacterial infection) and cover with a bandage if the area is likely to get dirty or rubbed by clothing.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE home care. Toddlers heal quickly
When to Seek Medical Advice
but keeping the wound clean prevents infection.,If the scrape is deep, won't stop bleeding after 10 minutes of pressure, or shows signs of infection (redness, swelling, pus).
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Wound Care (Surgical Incision)First Aid & Emergency · First Aid
First Aid Approach
Keep Clean & Dry
Preparation & Use
Wash hands before touching near the wound. Keep the incision clean and dry. Do not remove steri-strips (small adhesive tapes used to hold the wound closed) or pull at stitches. Follow the doctor's specific bathing instructions.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE home care. CAUTION: Do not apply ointments unless prescribed by the surgeon.
When to Seek Medical Help
If the incision becomes red, swollen, warm, starts oozing pus, or if a fever develops.
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Wound Infection (Advanced)First Aid & Emergency · FA/EUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Cover & Seek Medical Care
Preparation & Use
Do not squeeze, pop, or try to drain the pus yourself, as this can push the infection deeper. Gently cover the area with a clean, sterile (germ-free) dressing. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Advanced infections can spread to the bloodstream (sepsis), which is life-threatening.
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: If there is spreading redness, severe pain, foul-smelling pus, or a high fever.
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Wound Infection (Early Signs)First Aid & Emergency · First Aid
First Aid Approach
Clean & Seek Medical Care
Preparation & Use
Wash the area gently with soap and water. Apply a clean, dry dressing. Do not squeeze or try to drain any pus yourself.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Untreated wound infections can spread to the bloodstream (sepsis).
When to Seek Medical Help
If the area becomes increasingly red, swollen, warm, painful, or starts oozing yellow/green pus, or if a fever develops.
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Wound Packing (Severe Bleeding)First Aid & Emergency · FA/EUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Pack Tightly & Apply Pressure
Preparation & Use
Locate the source of the bleeding deep in the wound. Tightly pack the wound cavity with sterile gauze or a clean cloth, filling it completely. Once packed, apply firm, continuous direct pressure on top of the packing for at least 3 minutes.
Safety & Precautions
EMERGENCY: Use only for deep, life-threatening wounds (like in the groin, armpit, or neck) where a tourniquet cannot be applied.
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: Call an ambulance. Do not remove the packing once applied; let medical professionals handle it.
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X-Ray (Diagnostic Test)A–Z Health · Diagnostic / First AidUrgent information
Recommended Care
Medical Imaging & Protection
Preparation & Use
Remove metal objects/jewelry. Wear lead apron if advised. Stay still during the scan. Follow doctor’s advice based on results.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE diagnostic tool. CAUTION: Minimal radiation exposure; avoid during pregnancy unless urgent.
When to See Doctor
For diagnosis of fractures, pneumonia, or internal injuries.
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X-Ray ChestDiagnostics & Lab Reports · Imaging
Test Purpose & Procedure
Uses a small amount of ionizing radiation (energy waves that can pass through the body to create images) to produce pictures of the heart, lungs, airways, blood vessels, and bones of the chest. You will be asked to stand still and hold your breath for a few seconds. Remove metal jewelry.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE imaging test. Radiation exposure is very low. CAUTION: Inform the technician if you are pregnant.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Discuss the results with your doctor to check for pneumonia, tuberculosis, heart enlargement, or other chest conditions.
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X-ray Safety (Child)Wellness, Mother & Child · WMC
Care Approach
Use Lead Shielding and Limit Exposure
Guidance & Use
If an X-ray (a medical imaging test using ionizing radiation, which can damage cells) is necessary for a child, ensure the technician uses a lead apron or thyroid collar to shield areas of the body not being imaged, minimizing radiation exposure.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE when properly managed. The benefits of a necessary X-ray outweigh the minimal risks.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Discuss the necessity of the X-ray with the pediatrician to ensure it is the best diagnostic tool for the child's condition.
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X-ray Safety (Pregnancy)Wellness, Mother & Child · WMC
Care Approach
Inform Providers and Use Shielding
Guidance & Use
Always inform healthcare providers and dentists if you are pregnant. If an X-ray (a medical imaging test using ionizing radiation, which can damage cells) is absolutely necessary, a lead apron will be used to shield the abdomen and minimize fetal exposure.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE when properly managed. Most diagnostic X-rays pose minimal risk when shielding is used.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Discuss the risks and benefits of any proposed imaging test with your obstetrician before proceeding.
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X-Ray SpineDiagnostics & Lab Reports · Imaging
Test Purpose & Procedure
Uses a small amount of ionizing radiation to create images of the spine (the backbone) to check for fractures, curvature (scoliosis), or degenerative changes. Remove metal objects. You will be asked to lie down or stand still while the image is taken.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE imaging test. Radiation exposure is very low. CAUTION: Inform the technician if you are pregnant.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Discuss the results with your orthopedic doctor to evaluate back pain, injuries, or spinal alignment issues.
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Yawning ExcessivelyCommon Symptoms · General
Recommended Care
Deep Breathing & Rest
Preparation & Use
Take deep breaths to increase oxygen. Ensure you get 7-8 hours of sleep. Check for anemia if tiredness persists.
Safety & Precautions
SAFE lifestyle fix.
When to See Doctor
If yawning is constant despite good sleep, or accompanied by chest pain.
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Yellow EyesCommon Symptoms · LiverUrgent information
Recommended Care
Immediate Medical Test
Preparation & Use
Do not take any home remedies. Go to a lab for a Liver Function Test (LFT) and see a doctor immediately. Drink plenty of water.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: This is a clear sign of Jaundice or Liver problem.
When to See Doctor
IMMEDIATELY: As soon as you notice yellowing in the whites of your eyes.
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Yellow Eyes with Abdominal PainCommon Symptoms · LiverUrgent information
Recommended Care
Immediate Medical Test
Preparation & Use
Go to lab for Liver Function Test (LFT) and Ultrasound. See doctor immediately.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Clear sign of Liver or Gallbladder Issue.
When to See Doctor
IMMEDIATELY: For diagnosis and treatment.
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Yellow Eyes with Dark UrineCommon Symptoms · LiverUrgent information
Recommended Care
Immediate Medical Test
Preparation & Use
Go to lab for Liver Function Test (LFT). See doctor immediately. Drink plenty of water.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Clear sign of Liver Issue.
When to See Doctor
IMMEDIATELY: For diagnosis and treatment.
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Yellow FeverA–Z Health · Infectious Disease / Travel Health
Recommended Care
Vaccination & Supportive Care
Preparation & Use
Get vaccinated before traveling to endemic areas. Rest and hydrate if infected. No specific antiviral cure; treat symptoms.
Safety & Precautions
PREVENTABLE: Vaccine is highly effective. Can be fatal if severe.
When to See Doctor
High fever, yellow skin/eyes, bleeding, or abdominal pain after travel.
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Yellow Jacket Sting (Severe Allergic Reaction)First Aid & Emergency · FA/EUrgent information
First Aid Approach
Epinephrine & Emergency Call
Preparation & Use
Call an ambulance immediately. Help the person use their epinephrine auto-injector (a device that delivers a dose of adrenaline to reverse severe allergy symptoms) into the outer thigh. Have them lie flat with legs elevated.
Safety & Precautions
EMERGENCY: Yellow jacket venom can cause rapid airway swelling.
When to Seek Medical Help
IMMEDIATELY: Always go to the hospital after using an epinephrine injector, even if symptoms seem to improve.
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Yellow NailsCommon Symptoms · Nail Health
Recommended Care
Antifungal Treatment & Hygiene
Preparation & Use
Keep nails clean and dry. Use antifungal lacquer if prescribed. Quit smoking if applicable.
Safety & Precautions
CAUTION: Could be fungal infection.
When to See Doctor
If nails thicken, crumble, or smell bad.
My Reading Checklist
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